La “ola de renovación” del Pacto Verde Europeo no solo crea una oportunidad potencial para combatir el cambio climático, sino que, según DWS, también puede suponer una forma de impulsar la recuperación económica.
Cuando la crisis financiera mundial golpeó, hace más de diez años, los compromisos climáticos se olvidaron pronto en aras de una rápida recuperación económica. Esto se evidenció con el fracaso de la Conferencia de las Naciones Unidas sobre el Cambio Climático en Copenhague en 2009 y la retirada de los programas gubernamentales de apoyo a las tecnologías renovables.
“Esa falta de apoyo político se reflejó en una serie de factores, incluyendo el escepticismo hacia las pruebas científicas, así como la preocupación por un aparente conflicto entre una recuperación económica sostenida y las medidas sobre el cambio climático necesarias para avanzar hacia una economía más verde”, asegura la gestora en un artículo reciente.
Si avanzamos hasta 2020, de nuevo nos encontramos en medio de una de las peores recesiones económicas, pero, gracias a muchos activistas del clima, también de un debate público mucho más apasionado sobre el cambio climático. En ese sentido, destaca que, esta vez, las políticas para abordar este último ya no se consideran un lujo económico. “Es más bien evidente que el giro hacia una economía más sostenible conlleva riesgos y oportunidades para la creación de empleo”, añade.
Una de esas oportunidades es la estrategia de la “ola de renovación” del Pacto Verde publicada por la Comisión Europea hace unos días. Su objetivo es reducir drásticamente la huella de carbono de los edificios comerciales y residenciales en Europa1, lo cual, para DWS, es “vital”, ya que los edificios representan alrededor del 36% de las emisiones de carbono de la UE.
Sin embargo, la inversión en eficiencia energética en edificios se ha estancado y actualmente no está creciendo al ritmo necesario para alcanzar los objetivos del Acuerdo de París, tal como muestra el gráfico.2 “Desde la perspectiva de los mercados de capitales, la rehabilitación de edificios podría crear oportunidades en renta variable sostenible, real estate, infraestructuras, bonos verdes, valores respaldados por activos y fondos dedicados a la inversión sostenibles”, asegura.3
Con todo, la gestora hace hincapié en que la historia no terminó en la fallida Cumbre del Clima de Copenhague, sino que continuó con el Acuerdo de París. El Green Deal tiene como objetivo duplicar la tasa de renovación de Europa en la próxima década, lo que contribuye al cumplimiento del Acuerdo de París y hace más probable que se pueda cumplir el escenario de 2019 a 20304. “Por supuesto, queda abierta la cuestión de si un enfoque único para toda la Unión Europea es realmente la mejor manera de abordar los problemas económicos y climáticos a medio plazo, dada la variedad de ciclos económicos e inmobiliarios en los distintos Estados miembros”, advierte.
1. https://ec.europa.eu/energy/topics/energy-efficiency/energy-efficient-buildings/renovation-wave_en
2. IEA 2019; EEFIG 2020
3. https://www.dws.com/AssetDownload/Index?assetGuid=a3e81871-9921-44c9-b4f8-ae0ba2327661&consumer=E-Library
4. https://ec.europa.eu/energy/topics/energy-efficiency/energy-efficient-buildings/renovation-wave_en
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