Why is the Italian Referendum Important?

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On December 4th, a constitutional referendum is to be held in Italy to vote on amending the Italian constitution. The referendum poses the question:

Do you approve the constitutional bill concerning the dispositions to overcome the perfect bicameralism, the reduction of the number of members of the Parliament, the restraint of the institutions’ operating costs, the abolition of CNEL and the revision of Titolo V of the 2nd part of the Constitution, which was approved by the Parliament and published on the Gazzetta Ufficiale n. 88, on April 15, 2016?

According to Columbia Threadneedle’s Philip Dicken and Andrea Carzana, over the longer term, reform in Italy is critical for increased economic growth and the ultimate well-being of the Italian people, but it is also important to the economy of Europe and the political stability of the EU.

Columbia Threadneedle believes investors should be very aware of the political risks as, in many parts of Europe they see dissatisfaction with globalisation, the rise of populism (and in some cases nationalism) and a frustration with incumbent politicians. Political risk is on the rise and investors need to get used to it they state. «Italy has many fine attributes but has struggled with low growth and political instability. Indeed, Renzi is the third Prime Minister in four years and his government is the 63rd in the past 70 years. If the referendum succeeds the hope is that Italy will have more stability in its political structure, opening the way to economic reforms which could allow the government to tackle several serious structural issues hindering economic growth.»

There are three areas of the economy which they believe need to be addressed:

  1. Labour and demographics – an ageing population with high unemployment amongst the young.
  2. Productivity – persistently low growth and productivity.
  3. Debt and leverage – high public sector debt and a poorly capitalised banking system, but a wealthy population.

They believe the consequences are:

YES VOTE

  • We believe that this will be received positively by markets, at least in the short term. Renzi would have a mandate for his reforms and would probably seek to amend the Italicum law to head off a possible Five Star win in the expected 2018 general election.
  • However, if Renzi is not able the change the Italicum law and Five Star continue to gain in popularity from their around 30% in the polls today, then there is an increased risk of a populist, anti-EU, anti-euro government in 2018.

NO VOTE

  • This would be negatively received in the short term, in our view, but the longer-term impact would be less clear.
  • Renzi could resign and a technocratic government be formed by the President, Sergio Mattarella. The new PM could again be Renzi who would continue to argue for reform, not least because the Italicum law would be neutered by the unreformed Senate retaining its power.
  • A technocratic government could be led by others or a general election could be called, both leading to periods of uncertainty.
  • Or, Renzi may not resign as threatened and simply continue as PM, albeit with reduced political capital.

 

Evaluación de los riesgos políticos en Europa

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Gauging Europe’s Political Risks
Wikimedia CommonsFoto: Niccolò Caranti. Evaluación de los riesgos políticos en Europa

Los acontecimientos políticos clave en Europa ahora están en la mira, dado que los inversionistas esperan otra posible reacción negativa a favor del populismo. En Francia, terminan las primarias del partido conservador para elegir al candidato de las elecciones presidenciales del próximo año y, en Italia, se llevará a cabo el referéndum constitucional el próximo 4 de diciembre.

Los desafíos políticos de Europa tienen como trasfondo problemas estructurales más profundos. Como muestra el gráfico, los inversionistas evitaron los bancos de la eurozona en comparación con otros bancos a nivel mundial. Antes del referéndum, aumentó la rentabilidad de los bonos italianos en comparación con la rentabilidad de los bonos alemanes. Sin embargo, el margen estrecho también destaca el esfuerzo del Banco Central Europeo (BCE) por apaciguar la crisis de la deuda de 2010/2012 y revivir el crecimiento.

El estancamiento alimenta al populismo

El referéndum de Italia, junto con las elecciones presidenciales en Austria y Francia, deberían demostrar si los partidos populistas van ejerciendo cada vez más influencia. Las encuestas electorales de este año han confundido a los inversionistas, pero observamos que hay poco riesgo de que surjan gobiernos populistas.

Las encuestas sugieren que es probable que los italianos voten no en el referéndum, respaldado por el primer ministro Matteo Renzi. Si Renzi renuncia posteriormente, el poder quedará en manos de un gobierno provisional, y es muy probable que éste se enfoque en la reforma de la ley electoral de Italia. Si el pueblo italiano vota a favor del sí, esto podría impulsar una breve recuperación de los bonos regionales y de las acciones de los bancos, según nuestro punto de vista. Consideramos que un voto negativo categórico retrasaría la implementación de soluciones para el dañado sistema bancario de Italia e incentivaría el auge de los partidos populistas. En Francia, las encuestas muestran que el candidato conservador es el favorito en cualquier contienda contra la populista de extrema derecha Marine Le Pen, en la vuelta final del próximo mes de mayo para definir la presidencia.

Aún cuando los populistas no ganen estas elecciones, el estancamiento económico y las frustraciones políticas que los impulsan todavía están vigentes. Los líderes de Europa enfrentan otros grandes desafíos: cómo manejar la salida del Reino Unido de la UE, la reacción antagónica al comercio exterior y la crisis migratoria.

Prevemos que los inversionistas mantendrán su opinión negativa sobre Europa en relación con la perspectiva positiva de reflación de Estados Unidos. Tenemos una posición neutra sobre los bonos de gobiernos europeos y favorecemos la deuda de grado inversión debido a las compras constantes del BCE. Optamos por la subinversión en las acciones europeas debido a las preocupaciones sobre la perspectiva de crecimiento.

Build on Insight, de BlackRock, por Richard Turnill

BlackRock: “Flexible Income Strategies Have Never Made more Sense than They Do in the Present Environment”

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According to Rick Rieder, BlackRock’s Chief Investment Officer of Global Fixed Income, investing in flexible fixed income strategies has never made more sense than it does in the present environment. In a world in which developed market interest rates are extraordinarily low or even negative, and where monetary policy regimes diverge across the globe, Rieder believes that maintaining investment flexibility is vital to successfully navigating markets. In an interview with Funds Society, he talks about the lack of utility of the extraordinarily low interest rate levels for stimulating real economic growth, and the anticipation of a rate hike as the Fed to continue its path of slow interest rate normalization. Hereunder, his answers:

What does the most recent payroll growth slowdown mean for the timing of an interest rate hike?

Without question, payrolls growth in recent months has slowed from its extraordinary pace of recent years, but in our view, that has more to do with the economy’s approach toward full employment and the diminished ranks of qualified applicants searching for positions. Interestingly, this has also resulted in the improvement of wage levels, which are now running at an impressive 2.8% year-over-year, which is a clear representation of growing tightness in the labor markets. Overall, payrolls are fairly strong for this stage in the economic cycle, so with firming wages, and the modest increase in inflation that should follow, we think the Fed should be able to continue on its path of slow interest rate normalization.

Do you think a December rate hike is imminent and what would that mean for the broader economic outlook?

Understandably, the Fed held off from raising policy rates at its recent meeting, coming nearly a week before a highly contested general election in the U.S., but we do anticipate the Committee will make a quarter-point move in December. Still, we believe bond markets have largely priced in such a move, and the gradual rise in interest rates should have only a modest impact on the overall economic outlook. Indeed, as we have argued many times in the past, the utility of extraordinarily low interest rate levels has long since passed in stimulating real economic growth and for some time now has solely been influencing the financial economy as a price-supporting mechanism.

Does a flexible fixed income strategy still make sense in today’s environment?

In our view, flexible fixed income strategies have never made more sense than they do in the present environment. Indeed, we live in a world in which developed market interest rates are extraordinarily low (and in some cases, are negative), monetary policy regimes are continuing to diverge across the globe, a monetary-to-fiscal policy transition is potentially in the cards, and the inflation outlook is evolving globally. And that is to say nothing of the political and event risks that abound in the world today, or the fact that the sources of global growth are rapidly shifting by region. In this environment, we believe that maintaining investment flexibility is vital to successfully navigating markets, and within that framework, the critical importance of “globalizing” ones’ view of fixed income cannot be overstated.

What elements differentiate the BGF Fixed Income Global Opportunities Fund’s strategy from its peers?

For this strategy, we focus on generating consistent, attractive risk-adjusted returns through various market cycles while maintaining the risk profile of traditional fixed income investments. To do this, we invest in a diversified portfolio of beta and alpha sources, and aims to lower absolute risk while achieving attractive risk-adjusted returns. The fund employs BlackRock’s best ideas to identify attractive opportunities across global fixed income markets and is supported by the firm’s vast risk management platform and resources.

ECB QE Extension (Given a Lack of Alternatives)

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Fabio Balboni, European Economist at HSBC and his team expect the ECB to announce another six-month extension of QE at EUR80bn per month at its 8 December meeting. He believes that due to the recent rise in bond yields, this may only require increasing to 50% (from 33%) the limit for bonds without Collective Action Clauses (CACs). Nothing is certain, however, and there is a risk the ECB opts to wait a few months before extending, announces a shorter extension, or opts for another form of monetary stimulus altogether, although they think this is unlikely.

In their view, the underlying inflation situation warrants further easing. Despite a waning drag from energy prices, core and services inflation remain muted and they see few signs of emerging pressures in the key drivers of inflation (wages, pricing behaviour of firms). «We think financial markets got carried away about the European re-inflationary consequences of the US election result, as reflected by the rise in 5yr-5yr forward eurozone inflation swap rates.» He notes.

He believes though, that the ECB will be reluctant to withdraw the monetary stimulus before it sees signs of domestic inflation emerging in the eurozone and will be wary of repeating its 2011 mistake, when it tightened prematurely. Recent speeches, including by ECB head Mario Draghi, have hinted at possibly changing the policy mix, to achieve the most effective stimulus. «But we think the ECB currently has little alternative to QE. Deeper negative rates have potential negative implications for banks’ profitability. Bolder measures, like purchasing equities or NPLs (to spur bank lending) are unlikely at this stage.»

Although the marginal benefits of QE on financial conditions might be waning, it still plays a crucial role supporting fiscal policy via lower government bond yields. And calls for more outright fiscal expansion from the ECB and the European Commission have fallen on deaf ears, particularly in Germany where fiscal headroom exists.

The ECB will publish new forecasts in December. Not much has changed on the economic front since the last meeting, so they don’t expect any major revision to its growth and inflation forecasts. The ECB will, however, present for the first time its forecast for 2019, which Balboni suspects will be very close to 2% for inflation.

«The ECB might also address the question of tapering, using its new 2019 forecast as a hook to say how it intends to unwind QE. However, it’s unlikely they will want to tie their hands on a set date for tapering and the eventual exit should be well flagged.» He concludes.

Tres cosas que debes saber antes de lanzarte a las ferias de arte esta semana

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The 3 Things to Know Before You Hit The Art Fairs This Week
CC-BY-SA-2.0, FlickrJeff Koons Chica con delfín y mono, 2014 - Foto: Art Basel. Tres cosas que debes saber antes de lanzarte a las ferias de arte esta semana

Vaya a Art Basel Miami con o sin su asesor de arte esta semana, las ferias son una excelente oportunidad para ver las últimas novedades y tendencias en el mercado actual del arte contemporáneo. La asesora artística senior de Tang Art Advisory, Annelien Bruins, comparte en el blogg de la compañía tres consejos para hacer la visita a las ferias tan agradable como sea posible.

Prepárese
Si tiene intención de revisar a fondo el arte que se ofrece en las múltiples ferias, hágase la vida fácil haciendo sus deberes con antelación. Vea los planos de las ferias y marque sus galerías favoritas para asegurarse de no perdérselas una vez allí (donde es fácil perderse o sentirse abrumado). Si está interesado en trabajos concretos, investigelos o pídale a su asesor de arte que lo haga por usted (por ejemplo, en artnet.com) para tener precios disponibles.

Resistencia la presión
Entre tanto coleccionista y amante del arte que vaga por Miami Beach es fácil sentirse presionado para comprar una pintura o escultura en el momento. Trate de no caer en esta trampa. Si está considerando seriamente una compra, muchas galerías le permitirán reservar una pieza por un tiempo limitado. Utilice esa oportunidad para dar un paseo por Miami Beach y decidir si realmente quiere esa obra o si podría vivir sin él.

Utilice su iPhone
Seguro que llevará su iPhone con usted, así que ¿por qué no utilizarlo? Cuando vea una obra que le gusta, tome una fotografía de ella, así como de su ficha y el nombre de la galería. El almacenamiento de las fotos en una cierta secuencia hará que sea fácil recuperar y corregir su memoria al día siguiente. ¡Sería tristísimo si otro coleccionista se hizo con la obra de arte de sus sueños porque usted olvidó qué galería lo tenía entre su oferta!

Andreas Markwalder, New Country Head of Switzerland at Schroders

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Andreas Markwalder will be appointed Country Head of Switzerland at Schroders, effective on 3 January 2017, bringing more than 22 years of industry experience to the role.

Andreas joins Schroders from GastroSocial, the largest Swiss pensions fund in terms of members with assets under management of CHF 6.3 billion. Prior to becoming CEO, he was Head of Investments for 13 years. Andreas sits on a range of boards of investment funds and is the founder of AFIAA, a global property fund with over 40 Swiss pension funds invested and assets under management of CHF 1.4bn.

Andreas Markwalder will be based in Zurich and will report to John Troiano, Global Head of Distribution. He succeeds Stephen Mills who has been in the Country Head role since the 1990s.

Stephen Mills will take on a new senior role within Schroders. He will become Chairman of Schroder Investment Management, continue on the board of Secquaero Advisers and take on a number of additional internal board responsibilities across Europe. He will lead our relationships with the largest Swiss distributors and work to develop our growing private asset business across Europe. Mills will report to John Troiano, Global Head of Distribution.

Further Schroders is also appointing Serge Ledermann, until recently Bank J. Safra Sarasin’s Head of Asset Management Switzerland, as Deputy Chairman on the Board of Schroder Investment Management AG Board.

John Troiano, Global Head of Distribution at Schroders, said:»We welcome Andreas to Schroders as Country Head of our Swiss business. The appointment of an executive with Andrea’s experience and deep financial industry knowledge highlights our continued commitment to growth in Switzerland. Stephen has built and led our successful and highly-regarded Swiss business for the last 33 years. His extensive knowledge, skills and experience within the firm, specifically in the area of managing relationships with large Swiss distributors, are highly valued.»

Stephen Mills, newly appointed Chairman of the Board of Schroder Investment Management (Switzerland) AG, said: «I am delighted that Andreas Markwalder will be joining Schroders. Andreas brings with him a wealth of knowledge and experience as a pension fund manager and innovator. I am also pleased to welcome Serge Ledermann to the Board of Schroder Investment Management (Switzerland) AG. With 30 years of experience in asset management and of the Swiss institutional business, Serge Lederman brings unparalleled expertise. We look forward to working with them both.»

Andreas Markwalder, newly appointed Country Head of Switzerland at Schroders, said: «During my time as CEO and Head of Investments at GastroSocial, l had the opportunity to witness first hand the quality and professionalism of Schroders. I am delighted to join the firm as the new Country Head of Switzerland and look forward to developing the business further.»

Las políticas de Trump podrían afectar al mercado de viviendas en 2017

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Trump Policies Could Affect New Housing Costs as New Buyers Enter the Market in 2017
Foto: Andy . Las políticas de Trump podrían afectar al mercado de viviendas en 2017

En 2017, y a medida que la recuperación económica del mercado de la vivienda entre en una nueva etapa, las tendencias recientes invertirán su rumbo. Según el portal inmobiliario Zillow, el alquiler se hará más asequible, más estadounidenses se desplazarán en coche a trabajar, y el porcentaje de vivienda en propiedad se recuperará desde mínimos históricos.

Los millennials jugarán un papel importante en el aumento de este porcentaje, pues si en 2016 casi la mitad de los compradores adquirió primera vivienda, los millennials supusieron más de la mitad de este grupo.

Las predicciones de Zillow para el mercado inmobiliario en 2017 incluyen:

1.     Las ciudades realizarán desarrollos más densos de viviendas más pequeñas cercanas al transporte público y a los centros urbanos.

2.     Más millennials se convertirán en propietarios y elevarán el porcentaje de vivienda en propiedad. Al ser más diversos racialmente, también habrá más propietarios de color, reflejando la evolución demográfica estadounidense.

3.     Los alquileres serán más asequibles a medida que vayan aumentando los ingresos y disminuyendo las subidas de los alquileres.

4.     La obra nueva subirá de precio, ya que los constructores deberán soportar el aumento del coste de los salarios de la construcción, cuya ya continua escasez de mano de obra podría empeorar con la política de inmigración más restricitva del presidente Trump.

5.     El porcentaje de personas que se desplaza en coche al trabajo aumentará por primera vez en diez años, según los propietarios se trasladen a las ciudades dormitorio en busca de viviendas asequibles y se alejen de opciones adecuadas de transporte público.

6.     Los valores de las propiedades crecerán un 3,6% en 2017, según más de 100 expertos en economía y vivienda que participaron en la última encuesta de Zillow Home Price Expectations Survey. Los precios de las viviendas han aumentado a nivel nacional en un 4,8% en lo que llevamos de 2016.

“Hay pros y contras tanto en la obra nueva como en la viviendas de segunda mano y la elección puede ser, a menudo, difícil para los compradores. Aquellos que estén pensando en obra nueva para 2017, deben tener en cuenta el coste adicional que el posible agravamiento de la ya actual escasez de mano de obra que podría llegar si Trump mantiene su dura postura sobre la inmigración y la mano de obra inmigrante. La escasez de trabajadores en que puede rsultar podría obligar a los constructores a pagar salarios más altos, y los mayores costes probablemente pasarán a los compradores en forma mayores precios en la obra nueva», dice Svenja Gudell, economista jefe de Zillow.

«Aquellos en busca de opciones de vivienda más asequibles serán empujados a áreas más alejadas de las mejores opciones de transporte, lo que llevará a más estadounidenses a conducir de casa al trabajo», agrega. «Por su parte, los inquilinos deberían tenerlo más fácil en 2017. El crecimiento de los ingresos y una menor subida de los alquileres se combinarán para hacer el alquiler más asequible de lo que ha sido durante los últimos dos años».

Funds Society lanza la encuesta sobre utilización de ETFs para inversores profesionales en el mercado de no-residentes

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Funds Society Launches The ETF Usage Survey for Professional Investors in the Non-Resident Market
Foto: Henri Bergius . Funds Society lanza la encuesta sobre utilización de ETFs para inversores profesionales en el mercado de no-residentes

Desde su introducción hace dos décadas, los ETFs han gozado de gran éxito, superando con creces su función inicial de seguimiento de grandes índices líquidos en los mercados desarrollados. A nivel mundial, los ETFs cuentan con 3,38 billones de dólares en activos, un gran salto desde los 79.000 millones que tenían en el año 2000 (datos de Global ETP Landscape de BlackRock, de septiembre de 2016).

Funds Society desea saber sí, cómo y cuándo los inversores profesionales offshore utilizan ETFs.

Las respuestas a este sondeo nos ayudarán a entender mejor las actitudes en el uso de los ETFs, y nos permitirán compartir el conocimiento obtenido sobre esta herramienta de inversión, cuya utilización es cada vez más frecuente entre la comunidad internacional de asset y wealth management.

Le rogamos que dedique unos minutos de su tiempo a responder a esta encuesta, a la que puede acceder a través de este link. Compartiremos los hallazgos en una serie de artículos en Funds Society y publicaremos un folleto resumiendo nuestros resultados.

Para hacer esta encuesta aún más atractiva … rifaremos unas Gafas de realidad virtual Oculus Rift entre los participantes cualificados que completen las preguntas.

Gracias por participar en la encuesta.

ACCEDA A LA ENCUESTA.

Northstar Launches Range of Index-Linked Investment Plans

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Northstar Financial Services has added index-linked investment plans to its growing product range.

According to a press release, the Bermuda company believes that the Global Index Protect combines the benefits of 100% principal protection coupled with participation in the S&P 500 Index.

Clients have the choice of 5, 7 and 10 year durations and also the option of an annual lock-in feature, that ensures any annual gains in the index are captured and so the guaranteed payment at maturity is increased through the life of the contract.

The Global Index Protect is therefore designed for investors to whom preservation of capital is a priority, but who also wish to benefit from the positive performance of equity markets. As is the case with all Northstar investment solutions, clients also enjoy the benefits of a Bermuda trust structure, which include financial security and enhanced wealth transfer flexibility.

Northstar’s Global Head of Distribution, Alejandro Moreno, commented: “I am very excited at the prospect of introducing these new solutions to our distribution partners. The combination of guaranteed 100% principal protection and in some cases more than 100% of the upside potential of equity markets should prove to be an attractive proposition to our advisors and their clients and perfectly complement Northstar’s existing suite of variable and fixed-rate investment plans.”

Northstar’s Vice Chairman, Mark Rogers, commented: “The addition of Global Index Protect further demonstrates Northstar’s commitment to delivering innovative products to help serve the needs of our international clients more closely. I look forward to working with advisors on our enhanced range of solutions as we introduce Global Index Protect globally.”
 

Emerging Markets May be Down, but They’re Not Out

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    “When the facts change, I change my mind. What do you do, sir?”

These much-quoted words of John Maynard Keynes are appropriate in these surprising times. Back in October, I highlighted opportunities in emerging market stocks and bonds. In equities, I cited improving economic fundamentals and attractive price-to-earnings ratios, while in bonds I lauded their relatively high yields. Not anymore.

Last week our Asset Allocation Committee issued our revised asset allocation framework for global markets over the next twelve months. As a result of the unexpected victory by Donald Trump and the prospect of a unified Republican congress’s proposed economic program of lower taxes, looser regulatory burdens and increased fiscal spending, we raised our 12-month outlook for U.S. equities to slightly overweight. At the same time, we decided to lower our 12-month outlook for emerging market debt and equity.

Our new, more cautious approach towards emerging markets was driven by the realization that the environment had changed—and changed rapidly. Indeed, against a heady combination of higher US interest rates, a stronger dollar and the possibility of increasing tension over trade, we had no other option than to revisit our case for emerging markets. Investing in markets is a dynamic process. And, as Keynes observed, if a situation changes, it’s important that you have the flexibility to respond quickly.

Beyond the noise

But this change of heart is not a ‘deep sell’ mindset. There is still a robust, long-term case for investing in emerging economies and, following recent market movement, fixed income yields and equity P/E’s are more attractive than before. Indeed, while our emerging market stock and bond teams are both cautious about the short-term outlook, they continue to identify compelling opportunities within emerging markets over the longer term.

True, equities have sold off sharply and currency losses have been a major performance detractor. But it’s foolish to regard emerging markets as a monolithic block. There remain many pockets of value. Hard currency sovereign bonds, for example, are yielding 5.8% and commodities have continued their relative outperformance post the election. Indeed, over the longer term, pro-growth U.S. policies could benefit select emerging markets.

Possible trade constraints impact Latin America far more than Asia, for example. That’s because the ‘value add’ of Asian exporters is not easily replaceable. And if President Trump’s much-vaunted infrastructure spend becomes reality, this would increase the demand for select commodities and specialist engineering and technology skills. Finally, it’s also worth noting that if the US does ramp up its domestic energy and coal production, this will help emerging markets broadly as many are net consumers.

Elsewhere, China continues to be a source of concern. While the short-term position remains positive, there are risks that its recent stimulus measures have created bubbles and the devaluation of its currency is also causing anxiety, particularly in the Trump camp. Indeed, how China reacts over the next twelve months is vitally important, not just for emerging markets, but for all of us.

In the ditch

Against this backdrop, one sensible approach towards emerging market equities might be to tilt portfolios towards domestic companies trading at a reasonable price with low debt levels. This could help to minimize the threat of interest rate sensitivity and diminished global trade.

In debt markets, the Trump victory is undoubtedly having a negative impact as they experience the double-whammy of higher interest rates and growing risk aversion. However, the pickup in growth and the reduction in the account deficits of many emerging economies should help mitigate some of the downside risk.

Apart from being a renowned economist, Keynes was also an avid art collector. At the height of the First World War, he travelled to Paris to attend a fire-sale of Impressionist art. Among the paintings he purchased was one by Cézanne—Still Life with Apples. Back in England, he drove down to Sussex to visit his friends from the Bloomsbury Group. Close to their house, his car got stuck in the mud. Unable to carry all the paintings himself, Keynes left the Cézanne hidden behind a tree in a ditch, to be retrieved later.

Today, emerging markets may appear to be headed into the ditch. But they have higher average growth rates, more favorable demographics and possess better balance sheets than developed countries. Just like the Cézanne, in time they could appreciate in value.